Cloud computing has become, like, one of the most commonly used technologies for stowing, handling, and overseeing data through Internet-based services. A lot of organizations across different fields— education, healthcare, banking, commercial operations, and also government— are increasingly leaning on cloud platforms because they bring scalability, adaptability,costeffectiveness,andsimpleaccessibility.Still,cloudcomputingdoesnotcome only with positives, it also brings major cybersecurity issues that endanger the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive information. In practice, cyber threats like data exposure, malwareinfections,ransomwareincidents,insiderabuse,weakapplicationprogramming interfaces(APIs),accounttakeovers,andDistributedDenial-of-Service(DDoS)attackskeep rising inside modern cloud environments. In this review paper, we look at the big cybersecurity challenges tied to cloud computing and we discuss the protection mechanisms that are used for safeguarding cloud infrastructures. The analysis covers key security tools such as encryption approaches, Identity and Access Management (IAM), Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA),Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS), firewalls, and Zero Trust Architecture.Also,thepaperexploresnewerdirectionslikeArtificialIntelligence(AI),MachineLearning (ML), Blockchain, Edge Computing, and Quantum-Resistant Cryptography, as future trends for strengthening cloud security. Overall, it underscores the need for layered defensive strategies,steadysurveillance,andsmarterthreat-spottingsystems,socloudenvironmentsremainsecure anddependable.Theconclusionsofthisreviewofferusefulviewpointsintopresentcloud security problems, existing protection mechanisms, and, in general,how teams can reduce cyberrisk more effectively, in order to keep sensitive data safer.